Spirituality and pain self-efficacy in older adults with chronic pain: evidence from Iran

ABSTRACT

Chronic pain is the most common complaint in older people. Evidence indicates that spirituality is effective in pain management. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between pain self-efficacy and spirituality among older adults in Khorramabad, Iran. A significant positive correlation was observed between pain self-efficacy and spirituality (r = 0.31, p < .001). Spirituality, gender, education, and economic status explained 0.68 of the study population’s pain self-efficacy variance. Regarding the relationship between spirituality and pain self-efficacy, promoting spirituality can improve pain self-efficacy among older adults.

KEYWORDS:

• Spirituality
• chronic pain
• self-efficacy
• older adults
• Iran

Acknowledgments

The authors preserve their utmost gratitude for the hospitalized older adults who cooperated with the researchers despite their chronic disease.

This article resulted from an approved research project at Lorestan University of Medical Sciences (project code: 1342). The participation of all Older Adults and the collaboration of the Hospital in Khorramabad city is appreciated.

Disclosure statement

The Author(s) declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Institutional review board (IRB) name and institution

Ethical committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences (IR.LUMS.REC.1394.1342).

Additional information

Funding

The present study is funded by the Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences.