![Sample our Health and Social Care journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5938/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Health-Social-Care.jpg"})
Abstract
To gain an understanding of how abstinence-only-until-marriage school-based sexuality education has been exclusionary, it is important to explore how heteronormativity has been endorsed, played out, and reproduced ever since school-based sexuality education has been offered in the United States. Such an exploration reveals glaring evidence that lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) issues and individuals have been left out. It is likely that this has had negative repercussions on LGBTQ youth and heterosexually identified youth alike. The majority of this article deals with how sexuality education, particularly since so many abstinence-only-until-marriage-until marriage programs have received federal funding since 1996, has discriminated against sexual others (those who do not identify as heterosexual). We provide an analysis of school climate and the consequences of the lack of positive attention to LGBTQ issues and individuals in schools. While we point out that historically these preferential practices and discourses and their resulting negative consequences have always been the case in U.S. schooling, they have been reified and reproduced as a direct result of the federally backed abstinence-only-until-marriage programs. Among other issues, we discuss risk factors LGBTQ youth face as well as the notion of resiliency, and the tension between these two perspectives when addressing the fallout of exclusionary sexuality education. The entire school culture has been, and continues to be, negatively affected by this kind of exclusion, and the situation is much more complicated than heterosexuals versus sexual and gender “minorities.” Ultimately, we provide ideas about how school-based sexuality education could be offered in a more just and responsible manner to make it more equitable and safe for all students.