Factors Influencing HIV Risk: A Qualitative Study of U.S.-Based Burundian Refugees

Abstract

Little is known about factors affecting risk for HIV transmission in U.S.-based refugee populations. This study aimed to qualitatively explore the knowledge of, perceptions of, and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS among Utah-based Burundian refugees and identify potentially effective intervention approaches to reduce the community's HIV risk. Three focus groups (N = 21) were conducted, audiotaped, transcribed, translated, and coded for thematic analysis. Although the participants were aware of HIV/AIDS, most had misperceptions about HIV transmission and tended to stigmatize the disease. Sociocultural norms were found to influence HIV risk. Participants in all groups expressed interest in community-based HIV/AIDS interventions.

KEYWORDS:

• HIV/AIDS
• refugees
• focus groups
• stigma
• sociocultural
• HIV prevention

Acknowledgments

Funding for this research was provided in part by the Office of Refugee Services in Salt Lake City, Utah. We extend our gratitude to the study participants, who generously gave their time and shared their opinions, beliefs, and perspectives. This research would not have been possible without their contributions. We would also like to thank the following partners: Burundian community leaders Alex Ngendakuriyo, Gustave Gitakuzi, and Frederic Ntabwoga for facilitating the recruitment process and analyzing focus-group data; community members who participated in the focus-group discussions; and Marilyn Nunez of the Asian Association of Utah for facilitating the recruitment process. Finally, the authors would like to thank the following individuals who participated in the conceptual development of this publication: Dr. Steve Alder, Dr. Karol Kumpfer, Dr. Jann Dewitt, and Dr. Peter Weir.