Optimization of furfural production from millet husk using response surface methodology

ABSTRACT

Biomass has been recognized as a viable source for energy and bio-based chemicals. This study reported furfural production from millet husk via simultaneous hydrolysis and dehydration processes. Effect of reaction variables such as temperature (120–200°C), resident time (15–45 min), and acid concentration (5–10%) was studied using central composite design. Furfural yield (71.55%) was achieved at 184°C, 39 min, and 9% acid concentration. FT-IR spectrum of the produced furfural showed absorption at 1,697 and 2,880 cm⁻¹ indicating a conjugated carbonyl functional group and aldehydic hydrogen. The results revealed that millet husk could be a potential substrate for furfural production.

KEYWORDS:

• Bio-based chemical
• furfural
• millet husk
• optimization
• response surface