https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-8774
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ABSTRACT
Amalgamation of nanoparticles with the conventional/alternative fuels is an attractive approach which can enhance the working characteristics of CI engines. The critical issues such as stability, clogging, increased NOx, and high consumption rate attached with the long-term usage of diesel/biodiesel and with their blends restricts their usage as a potential substitute in the diesel engine. This review work emphasizes the research economy on utilizing the application of different metal oxide, magnetic, carbon and hybridized based nano-materials as a fuel-borne additive. Nano fuel comprises a micro-sized particle ranging from 1 to 100nm in size doped inside the base fluid (diesel/biodiesel) using the process of ultrasonication. The nano fuel has a higher surface to volume ratio, and enhanced heat and mass transfer properties act as a catalyst, improves the combustion process and the performance characteristics such as thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumptions of the diesel engine. Based on the outcome collected from the previously published work, it has been concluded that mixing of nanoadditives has a significant effect on the engine parameters. The review also highlights that the improvement in the injection timing, enhancement in the physicochemical properties and cold flow properties such as viscosity, calorific value, flash point, fire point is also noted depending on the dosage of nanoparticles.
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Notes on contributors
Mukul Tomar
Mukul Tomar is working as a Senior Research Scholar at the Centre for Advanced Studies and Research in Automotive Engineering, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi. He did his B.Tech in Mechanical Engineering from Graphic Era University Dehradun; M.Tech in Thermal Engineering from Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida (U.P). His research interests include; alternative fuels special emphasis on next-generation biofuels, higher alcohols, ternary fuels, fuel atomization, nano-additives, waste recovery & utilization, diesel engine combustion and heat transfer inside the enclosures. He is currently working on different fuel reformulation projects such as nano-fuels, recovery & utilization of crude glycerol as fuel for light-duty CI engines. He has authored/co-authored more than 10 research papers in International Journals and conferences in the field of alternative fuel and heat transfer. As a recognition of his research achievements, he had been invited at SAE world congress and ASME World Congress 2018 USA, to present his research work and exchanging experiences with leading experts and researchers.
Naveen Kumar
Naveen Kumar was born in August 1967 in Uttar Pradesh, India; Prof. Naveen Kumar did the B.E. from Dayal Bagh Educational Institute, Agra, the M.Tech from IIT Delhi and Ph.D. from the University of Delhi. He is a Fellow of Institution of Mechanical Engineers (FIMechE), UK; Fellow of Institution of Engineers (FIE), India and Charted Engineer, Engineering Council, UK. His research interests include; alternative fuels with special emphasis on biofuels, decentralized energy systems, renewable energy, waste recycling, and sustainable development. Presently working as Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Delhi College of Engineering since 1996; Prof. Kumar possesses 27 years of experience in academics, industry, and research. He has published more than 100 research papers in the International Journals of repute and more than 100 in Indian Journals and Conferences.