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ABSTRACT
The performance and emission from diesel engine using biodiesel from waste coconut oil (WCOO) with and without additives is accessed in this article. WCOO biodiesel is produced from coconuts which are not favorable to be consumed by humans due to degradation. B20, B40, B50, and B100 biodiesel blends of WCOO are prepared and performance and emission testing are done. B20 blend of biodiesel is added with 5%, 10%, and 15% of 1-hepatanol and the tests are repeated. Then, B20 is added with 5% of 1-hepatnol, n-butanol, and iso-butanol as additive and separate analysis for each additive in B20 is carried out in similar way. The injection pressure was kept constant at 225 bar throughout these experiments. Later, B20, B40, B50, and B100 blends of WCOO are used separately for engine performance and emission behavior at 175 injection pressure without adding any additive. Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and brake thermal efficiency are the factors analyzed during engine performance analysis and CO, CO2, HC, and NOx exhaust are recorded during emission analysis. From the comparative study, the engine performance of diesel is seen to be better than any other combination of biofuels at both the pressures. Among blends without additive, B20 performed better than other blends, B20 with n-butanol performed better than B20 without additive, while B20 with iso-butanol did not show any significant advantage. At 175 bar injection pressure 7.5% extra BSFC and approximately 16% more emission is obtained than at 225 bar pressure.
Nomenclature
| CI | = | Compression ignition CD Combustion duration |
| atdc | = | After top dead center btdc Before top dead center |
| PP | = | Peak cylinder pressure ID Injection delay |
| CR | = | Compression ratio CA Crank angle |
| BP | = | Brake power CC Combustion chamber |
| CD | = | Combustion duration CO Carbon monoxide |
| CO2 | = | Carbon dioxide °CA Crank angle (degrees) |
| ID | = | Ignition delay NOx Nitrogen oxide |
| UBHC | = | Unburnt hydrocarbon IT Injection timing |
| IP | = | Injection pressure HRR Heat release rate |
| ηth | = | Thermal efficiency CP Cylinder pressure |
| CMFIS | = | Conventional mechanical fuel injection system ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials |
| WCOO | = | Waste coconut oil WCOOME Waste coconut oil methyl ester |
| B20 | = | WCOOME 20% + Diesel 80% B40 WCOOME 40% + Diesel 60% |
| B50 | = | WCOOME 50% + Diesel 50% B100 WCOOME 100% |
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar
Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar received his B.E and M.Tech degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Visvesvaraya Technological University, Karnataka. He is currently pursuing PhD in the Renewable Energy and Heat Transfer, in Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. He specializes in biodiesel production from non-edible feedstocks and effects of various fuel additives in biodiesel on the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine. His other research interests includes IC engines, finite element analysis, heat transfer in porous cavities, composites and solar energy.
Asif Afzal
Asif Afzal obtained his maters and doctorate from Visvesvaraya Technological University Belagavi. His areas of research interest is alternative fuels, heat transfer and parallel CFD.
Mohammed Kareemullah
Mohammed Kareemullah is an assistant professor in PA College, Mangalore. His specialization is in the field of biodiesels, thermal sciences, and machine learning. He has published serveral articles in highly reputed journals and conferences. He is one of the highly recognized researcher in his field.