https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5613-5439
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ABSTRACT
Reducing the cogging torque in the axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) generators is an important study area. Especially, AFPM generators with open slotted and rectangular-shaped poles have high cogging torque and high total harmonic distortion (THD). Generators used in wind turbines require minimal mechanical vibration and a smooth sinusoidal wave. In this study, a new hybrid method is proposed to reduce the cogging torque and increase electrical performance. The proposed method involves combining two techniques to reduce cogging torque, including magnet placement angle and magnet grouping technique. In the proposed hybrid method, the electrical performance of the AFPM generator has improved for the minimum cogging torque. This proposed new method is cost-effective and easy to apply. 3D finite element method (FEM) and experimental verifications were performed for the accuracy of the proposed method. When the results are examined, cogging torque was improved by at least 80% with the new hybrid method. However, the electrical performance has been improved for 10% power loss, and the total harmonic distortion (THD) has been reduced to less than 3%.
Disclosure statement
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Nomenclature
| AFPM | = | Axial flux permanent magnet |
| THD | = | Total harmonic distortion |
| FEA | = | Finite element analysis |
| 3D | = | Three dimensional |
| PM | = | Permanent magnet |
| MMF | = | Magneto motor force |
| d-q | = | Direct-quadrature |
| DLMSS | = | Dual-layer magnet step skewed |
| DOE | = | The experiment method’s design |
| Tc | = | Cogging torque |
| ϕg | = | The air gap magnetic flux |
| θ | = | The angular position of the rotor |
| R | = | The reluctance of the air |
| kc | = | An integer |
| Pu | = | Per unit |
| FEM | = | Finite element method |
Additional information
Funding
Notes on contributors
Engin Hüner
Engin Hüner is an assistant professor in the Department of Energy Systems Engineering at the Kırklareli University (Turkey). He completed a bachelor’s, master and Ph.D. degree in Electrical Education of Abant İzzet Baysal University, Electronical Engineering of Gebze High Technology Institute, and Electrical Education of Marmara University, respectively. His research areas mainly focus on electrical machines and renewable energy systems.
Aykan Mutlu
Aykan Mutlu completed a bachelor’s and master's degree in Electrical Engineering, and Energy Systems Engineering at the Kırklareli University (Turkey). His research areas focus on electrical machines and renewable energy.