https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6139-7430
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ABSTRACT
The stricter emission norms have created a need to study recent combustion technology in internal combustion engines. Dual-fuel (DF) combustion technology is one of the key techniques to achieve future emission goals. Natural gas is one of the easily available low-reactive fuels worldwide that can be used in the DF combustion strategy. The main problem with using NG in the DF strategy is its lean-burning ability to produce emissions like HC and CO. The combustion losses associated due to crevice losses in the piston geometry are also the reasons for getting degraded engine performance. In the present study, the lean flammability of NG was improved by enriching it with hydrogen. The combustion losses were reduced using modified disc piston geometry with lower crevice volume. The results showed that the thermal efficiency obtained using HENG/diesel DF strategy with disc piston (DF disc) was only less than 0.3%, 0.4%, and 1% for low, mid, and high load conditions compared to conventional compression ignition mode using bowl piston (CI bowl). The change in piston geometry from bowl to disc type using the DF strategy improved the thermal efficiency by about 3.8%, 3.3%, and 2.7% for three load conditions. The NOx and smoke opacity reduction by about 6% to 19% and 40% to 60% in DF disc mode was achieved compared to CI bowl mode.
Nomenclature
| ATDC | = | After top dead center |
| bTDC | = | Before top dead center |
| BTE | = | Brake thermal efficiency |
| bsfc | = | Brake specific fuel consumption |
| bsec | = | Brake specific energy consumption |
| CD | = | Combustion duration |
| CRDI | = | Common rail diesel injection |
| CNG | = | Compressed natural gas |
| CO | = | Carbon Monoxide |
| CI | = | Compression ignition |
| CA | = | Crank angle |
| CFD | = | Computational fluid dynamics |
| CH4 | = | Methane |
| DSO | = | Diesel spray oriented |
| DF | = | dual-fuel |
| DSOB | = | Dairy scum oil biodiesel |
| DSPB | = | Dual swirl piston bowl |
| EGR | = | Exhaust gas recirculation |
| ECU | = | Electronic control unit |
| HRR | = | Heat release rate |
| HENG | = | Hydrogen-enriched natural gas |
| HRF | = | High reactive fuel |
| HC | = | Hydrocarbon |
| H2 | = | Hydrogen |
| HCCI | = | Homogeneous charge compression ignition |
| ICE | = | Internal combustion engine |
| ID | = | Ignition delay |
| IOP | = | Injector opening pressure |
| LPG | = | Liquified petroleum gas |
| LTC | = | Low-temperature combustion |
| LSPB | = | Lateral swirl piston bowl |
| LDSPB | = | Lateral and dual swirl piston bowl |
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Akshay Loyte
Akshay Loyte is presently a Ph.D. Research scholar at Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India. The main research direction is advanced dual-fuel combustion strategies used in internal combustion engines, simulation study for engine combustion analysis.
Jiwak Suryawanshi
Jiwak Suryawanshi is presently working as an Professor in the Mechanical Engineering Department at Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India. The main research direction is advanced combustion strategies used in internal Combustion Engines, injector spray analysis and use of alternative fuels.
Girish Bhiogade
Girish Bhiogade is presently working as an Associate Professor in the Mechanical Engineering Department at Vignans Institute of Information Technology, Visakhapatnam, India. He has 13 years of experience and his research studies include alternative fuels, fuel cells, automobile and thermal engineering applications etc.
Yuvarajan Devarajan
Yuvarajan Devarajan works as a research professor at Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. He has more than 15 years of teaching and research experience. His research area includes Phase Change materials, Green fuels, and Solar Energy Applications.
Raja T
Raja T works at Saveetha Dental College, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. He has more than 10 years of research and Teaching Experience. His research area includes Composite Materials, Alternate fuels, and Solar energy applications.
Gavaskar T
Gavaskar T is currently associated with St.Joseph’s College of Engineering, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. He has more than 15 years of teaching and research experience. His research area includes Alternate fuels, and IC engines.