Amelioration of immunosuppressive effects of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A in White Leghorn layers with distillery yeast sludge

Abstract

The present study was carried out with the objectives to thrash immunotoxic effects of moldy feed in commercial White Leghorn layers and to know either addition of distillery yeast sludge (DYS) in moldy feed ameliorates the immunotoxic effects or not. For this purpose, moldy feed was prepared containing OTA and AFB1 56 and 136 μg/kg, respectively. For this purpose, 100, 40-week-old White Leghorn hens were procured and kept under standard management conditions. Birds were divided into five equal groups. Birds were kept on moldy feed (ochratoxin A: 56 μg/kg and aflatoxin B1: 136 μg/kg) mixed with 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% DYS/kg moldy feed. Group A served as control. Blood was collected without anticoagulant to separate serum. Serum ALT, creatinine and blood urea levels significantly increased in moldy-fed group as compared to control group, while nonsignificantly different readings of serum ALT, creatinine and blood urea were recorded in moldy feed + 2% DYS and control group. Immune parameters, that is, lymphoproliferative response to PHA-P, phagocytic potential and total protein and IgG titers against sheep RBCs were significantly decreased in birds receiving moldy feed as compared to control group. Almost all parameters studied were normal compared to control group with the addition of 2% DYS in moldy feed, while 1% DYS partially ameliorated the immunotoxic effects of mycotoxins.

Keywords:

• Moldy feed
• white leghorn layers
• distillery yeast sludge
• immunotoxic parameters

Declaration of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article.