Abstract
The aim of this study is to reveal the biological and toxicological activities of the Cerastes cerastes and Macrovipera mauritanica venoms as well as their fractions, and the immunological activity of two monospecific experimental antivenins produced in the horse. Our data demonstrated the hemorrhagic, necrotic, edematous, myotoxic, coagulant, proteolytic, hemolytic, and phospholipasic activities of the studied venoms and their toxic fractions. Microscopically, intradermal and muscle sections showed edema, disruption of muscle fibers, and inflammatory infiltrates. Both monospecific antivenoms were effective in neutralizing the activities studied. However, they remained ineffective against edema-forming and clotting activities in range of antivenoms used.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.