![Sample our Physical Sciences journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/110819/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Physical-Sciences.jpg"})
ABSTRACT
This review describes the recent advances in the chemistry of titanium-, zirconium-, and hafnium-containing polymers. The paper does not focus on the catalytic role of molecules including metal in their structure, but instead, on the different ways to incorporate these group 4 metals in macromolecular structures. The synthetic approaches of these structures are exposed, according to the three different routes listed, which are the blending, the chemical modification, and the direct polymerization. A particular interest is accorded to the applications of these group 4 metal-containing polymers, which impact various fields such as ceramic, biomedical, and photovoltaic materials.
List of Acronyms
| AFM | = | Atomic force microscopy |
| AIBN | = | 2,2'-Azobisisobutyronitrile |
| AIVN | = | AzobisIsoValeroNitrile |
| Cp2MCl2 | = | Bis(cyclopentadienyl)Metal dichloride |
| CuAAC | = | Copper(I)-catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition |
| DIPEA | = | N,N-DiisoPropylEthylAmine |
| EDOT | = | 3,4-EthylenediOxyThiphene |
| EDS | = | Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy |
| Et3N | = | Triethylamine |
| FTIR | = | Fourier Transmission InfraRed |
| GMCP | = | Group 4 Metal-Containing Polymer |
| GPC | = | Gel-permeation chromatography |
| M | = | Metal |
| MAS NMR | = | Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear magnetic resonance |
| MCP | = | Metal-containing polymer (where M can be Ti, Zr, or Hf) |
| MSQ | = | Poly(methyl silsesquioxane) |
| NMR | = | Nuclear Magnetic Resonance |
| PCMS | = | Poly(CarboMethylSilane) |
| PCS | = | Poly(dimethylcarbosilane) |
| PDMS | = | Poly(DiMethylSilane) |
| PDTD | = | 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine-p,p'-disulfonic acid |
| PND | = | Poly(non-borenyldecaborane) |
| POSS | = | Polyhedral Oligomeric SilSesquioxanes |
| SBET | = | Surface Brunauer-Emett-Teller |
| SEM | = | Scanning Electron Microscopy |
| STM | = | Scanning Tunneling Microscopy |
| TEM | = | Transmission Electron Microscopy |
| TEOS | = | TetraEthyl OrthoSilicate |
| TGA | = | ThermoGravimetric Analysis |
| THF | = | TetraHydroFuran |
| TMVS | = | TriMethylVinylSilane |
| XPS | = | X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometry |
| XRD | = | X-Ray Diffraction |
| ZOC | = | Zirconium OxyChloride |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Miss Jessica Roper for her help in proofreading the manuscript.