Rainwater harvesting to control stormwater runoff in suburban areas. An experimental case-study

Abstract

On a 23 ha urban watershed, 10 km East of Paris, rainwater tanks have been installed on 1/3 of the private parcels to prevent stormwater sewer overflows. This paper investigates the macroscopic effect of rainwater harvesting on runoff, and thus the potential of this technique for stormwater source control. The analysis is performed using the SWMM 5 model, calibrated on rainfall- runoff measures from two measurement campaigns, before and after the equipment. The availability of two data-sets allows the authors to point out changes in the catchment's behaviour. The main findings are that: (1) catchment's evolution, mainly caused by individual land-cover modifications, produces non-stationarity of the hydrologic behaviour; (2) the rainwater tanks installed, although they affect the catchment hydrology for usual rain events, are too small and too few to prevent sewer overflows in the case of heavy rain events.

Keywords:

• rainwater harvesting
• source control
• BMP
• runoff
• rainfall-runoff analysis
• sewer overflows

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to acknowledge the support given by the Conseil Général du Val-de-Marne, and would like to thank particularly the DSEA for the precious help provided.