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Abstract
Oil‐shale chemical industry creates approximately 600 000 tons of thermally processed oil shale solid wastes (semi‐coke) every year in Estonia. A field phytoremediation and bioaugmentation experiment has been monitored for three years in the solid waste depository area of oil‐shale chemical industry. We found enhanced degradation rates of pollutants in plots with vegetation and added bacterial biomass. The concentration of volatile phenols had decreased almost by 100 %, and the concentration of oil products had decreased approximately 3 times in planted plots compared to the control plots. The degradation rates were the highest in the upper soil layer which has the highest root density. Vegetation also changed the microbial community structure in comparison with the control plots. In addition to the vegetation, properties of the substrate had an essential effect on the microbial community.
Santrauka
Kasmet Estijoje naftos skalûnø chemijos pramonëje susidaro apytiksliai 600 000 t termiškai apdorotø naftos skalûnø kietøjø atliekø (pusiau kokso). Fitoatkûrimo ir biopapildymo lauko eksperimentas buvo vykdomas trejus metus naftos skalûnø chemijos pramonës kietøjø atliekø saugojimo zonoje. Pastebëta, kad padidëjo teršalø degradacijos greitis plotuose, kur yra augalijos, ir pridëta bakterinës biomasës. Lakiøjø fenoliø koncentracija sumažëjo beveik 100 %, o naftos produktø koncentracija sumažëjo apytiksliai 3 kartus apsodintuose plotuose, palygti su kontroliniais plotais. Degradacijos greitis buvo didžiausias viršutinimame dirvožemio sluoksnyje, kuriame yra didžiausias šaknø tankis. Augalija taip pat pakeitë mikrobiologinës bendrijos struktûrà, palyginti su kontroliniais plotais. Be augalijos, dar ir substrato savybës turëjo didelës átakos mikrobiologinei bendrijai.
