Matching method to problem: A developmental science perspective

Abstract

In developmental research there is quite often a mismatch between the scientific problem and the methods used to address it. In this article we discuss what this mismatch is about and we suggest some remedies. Our discussion is confined to typical matching situations that arise within a developmental science (DS) theoretical framework. A number of measurement issues are brought up including variable standardization and how to measure change. It is argued that to study individual development precise measurements are necessary and that, for this purpose, most measures currently used in developmental research are not sufficiently reliable. Further, we discuss the choice of a statistical method suitable for analysis within a DS framework and it is concluded that increased use should be made of person-oriented methods and methods developed for studying nonlinear dynamic systems. Finally, causality issues are discussed and a distinction is made between the study of average and individual causality.

Keywords:

• Developmental science
• Individual development
• Measurement
• Statistical methods

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Lars R. Bergman

The research was supported by the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and the Swedish Research Council.This study was made possible by access to data from the longitudinal research program Individual Development and Adaptation (IDA; scientific leaders Henrik and Anna-Karin Andershed).