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Articles

Cluster evolution and urban industrial dynamics in the transition from a planned to a socialist market economy: the case of Beijing

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Pages 50-71 | Received 14 Oct 2014, Accepted 22 Sep 2016, Published online: 03 Nov 2016
 

ABSTRACT

Cluster evolution and urban industrial dynamics in the transition from a planned to a socialist market economy: the case of Beijing. Spatial Economic Analysis. The transformation of the industrial structure of Beijing in the transition from a planned to a socialist market economy integrated into global markets is examined through the lens of cluster evolutions and life cycles in 1987–2007. Cluster emergence, decomposition, stabilization, upgrading, restructuring and disappearance are identified using exploratory factor analysis of input–output tables. These evolutions are interpreted in the light of the way in which backward and forward linkages provide channels of communication, new intermediate goods, new divisions of labour and new patterns of co-location, and are related to the changing industrial geography of Beijing.

摘要

计划经济到社会主义市场经济变迁中的集群演化和城市产业动态:基于北京的案例分析。空间经济分析。本文通过分析1987年至2007年北京产业集群演化和其生命周期变化,透视北京产业结构的转变及其从计划经济到迈向全球化市场的进程。运用基于投入产出表的探索性因素分析,辨识了产业集群的产生、分解、稳定、提升、再结构和消失过程。这些演化过程主要源于产业的前、后向联系对于产业沟通管道、新中间产品、新劳动分工以及新区位共享模式之间的促进作用,同时也与北京产业地理格局变化密切相关。

RÉSUMÉ

La naissance des clusters et la dynamique industrialo-urbain quant au passage d’une économie planifiée à une économie socialiste de marché: étude de cas de Beijing. Spatial Economic Analysis. Dans l’optique de la naissance et du cycle de vie des clusters entre 1987 et 2007, on examine la transformation de la structure industrielle de Beijing quant à son passage d’une économie planifiée à une économie socialiste de marché intégrée aux marchés mondiaux. Employant une analyse des facteurs exploratoires des tableaux entrées-sorties, on identifie la naissance des clusters, la décomposition, la stabilisation, la mise à niveau, la restructuration et la disparition. On peut interpréter ces développements à la lumière de la façon dont les liens en amont et en aval fournissent des voies de communication, de nouveaux produits intermédiaires, de nouvelles divisions du travail et de nouvelles tendances en matière de colocalisation, et se rapportent à la géographie industrielle de Beijing en pleine mutation

RESUMEN

Evolución de aglomeraciones y dinámica industrial urbana en la transición de una economía de mercado planificada a una socialista: el caso de Pekín. Spatial Economic Analysis. A través del prisma de la evolución de aglomeraciones y los ciclos de vida entre 1987 y 2007, analizamos la transformación de la estructura industrial de Pekín en la transición de una economía de mercado planificada a una socialista e integrada en los mercados internacionales. Identificamos la aparición, la descomposición, la estabilización, las mejoras y la reestructuración y desaparición de aglomeraciones mediante un análisis de factores exploratorio de tablas de entradas y salidas. Estas evoluciones se interpretan según el modo en que los vínculos regresivos y progresivos proporcionan canales de comunicación, nuevos bienes intermedios, nuevas divisiones de trabajo y nuevos patrones de colocación, y guardan relación con la cambiante geografía industrial de Pekín.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors are grateful to the anonymous reviewers and Professors Paul Elhorst and Bernard Fingleton for their insightful comments.

Notes

1 Cosine analysis is also frequently used, which is insensitive to the length of the vector. Pearson correlation measures both the strength and the direction of the linear relationship between two variables and is therefore preferred.

Additional information

Funding

The research was supported by the Early Career Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, ‘Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS’ [grant number 2014042]; the Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 41371008 and 41530751]; and the Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Environment Change and Resources Use, Ministry of Education of China.

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