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Notes
1 CitationGrierson, Grierson on Documentary, 179.
2 CitationHardy, John Grierson, 48.
3 Grierson, Grierson on Documentary, 180.
4 CitationKilborn and Izod, An Introduction to Television Documentary, 12.
5 CitationSecrest, Kenneth Clark, 230.
6 CitationClark, Civilisation, xv. Clark was also confident that attendance of art galleries could be encouraged upon the general public. Upon appointment as Director of the National Gallery, he opened doors at 8 a.m. on the days of two major soccer matches in London in the hope of attracting football supporters to the gallery before their afternoon on the terrace: Secrest, Kenneth Clark, 92.
7 CitationClark, The Other Half: A Self Portrait, 137–8. The concept of public service broadcasting in Britain was framed by John Reith during his time as Managing Director and Director-General of the British Broadcasting Corporation in the 1920s and 1930s. See CitationScannell, ‘Public Service Broadcasting’.
8 CitationMarwick, The New Nature of History, 237–9.
9 CitationSamuel, ‘People's History’, xvi.
10 CitationHoskins, The Making of the English Landscape, 14.
11 Hoskins also wrote and hosted a subsequent series of 25 minute television documentary programmes focussing on the landscapes of particular regions in England. Meinig, ‘Reading Landscape’, 200.
12 CitationHoskins, English Landscapes, 6.
13 CitationHoskins, Fieldwork in Local History, 184.
14 CitationHoskins, The Making of the English Landscape, 222.
15 CitationJohnson, Ideas on Landscape, 40.
16 CitationHoskins, The Making of the English Landscape, 17.
17 Johnson, Ideas on Landscape, 168.
18 Johnson, Ideas on Landscape, 20.
19 CitationConzen, The Making of an American Landscape.
20 CitationMeinig, ‘Reading Landscape’, 228.
21 CitationWard and Burns, Baseball. The preface to the book, titled ‘Where Memory Gathers’ is written by Ken Burns and Lyn Novick, xvii–xviii.
22 CitationWard and Burns, Baseball. The preface to the book, titled ‘Where Memory Gathers’ is written by Ken Burns and Lyn Novick, xviii.
23 Marwick, The New Nature of History, 239.
24 Marwick, The New Nature of History The quote is taken from CitationCarnes’ introduction to Past Imperfect, 9–10.
25 Marwick, The New Nature of History, 238–9.
26 Marwick, The New Nature of History, 239.
27 CitationRichards, Films and British National Identity, 185.
28 CitationSilk, Schultz, and Bracey ‘From Mice to Men’.
29 CitationRosenstone, History on Film/Film on History, 8–9.
30 Barthes and Davis cited in CitationRosenstone, History on Film/Film on History, 16.
31 CitationRosenstone, History on Film/Film on History, 159.
32 CitationSorlin, The Film in History, 21.
33 The ‘original documentary that inspired the film’ is included on the A League of Their Own DVD, produced by Columbia Pictures, 2000.
34 CitationCahn, Coming on Strong, 148.
35 CitationWilliams, Sports Cinema 100 Movies, 106.
36 Leonard Maltin's 2003 Movie & Video Guide, 783.
37 Ebert, ‘A League of Their Own’ (Chicago Sun-Times, July 1, 1992).
38 CitationBerlage, Women in Baseball, 193.
39 CitationRogosin, Invisible Men, 149–50.
40 CitationSobchack, ‘Baseball in the Post-American Cinema’, 182.
41 CitationBaker, ‘Sports Films, History, and Identity’, 228.
42 CitationBaker, ‘Sports Films, History, and Identity’, 228 For an alternative viewpoint see CitationArdolino, ‘Soul of the Game: Film Review’, 386. Ardolino regards the film as ‘quite empathetic about the debt that Robinson owed to his Negro League predecessors’. Ardolino notes how the film establishes a lineage from Paige and Gibson to Robinson and on to Willie Mays, who features in the film as a young boy.
43 The noted breakthrough study is CitationPeterson, Only the Ball Was White.
44 CitationEdgerton, Ken Burns's America, 125.
45 CitationNathan, ‘Bearing Witness to Blackball’, 455–61.
46 CitationNathan, ‘Bearing Witness to Blackball’, 463–4.
47 CitationNathan, ‘Bearing Witness to Blackball’, 468.
48 Edgerton, Ken Burns's America, 122.
49 Cited in Edgerton, Ken Burns's America, 126.
50 CitationNathan, Saying It's So.
51 CitationAsinof, Eight Men Out.
52 Nathan, Saying It's So, 178.
53 Nathan, Saying It's So, 180–1.
54 For example Roger Ebert, as cited by CitationArdolino, ‘Ceremonies of Innocence and Experience’, 47.
55 Nathan, Saying It's So, 181.
56 ‘A Conversation Between Eric Froner and John Sayles’, Carnes, Past Imperfect, 11–28 (28).
57 CitationFitzgerald, The Great Gatsby, 60–1. The line is spoken by the narrator Nick Carraway in conversation with Jay Gatsby, following a luncheon with Meyer Wolfsheim. Upon the gangster's departure from the table, Gatsby informs Carraway that Wolfsheim was responsible for the 1919 World Series fix. ‘The Faith of Fifty Million People’ is used as the title for the ‘Third Inning’ (1910–20) of Baseball.
58 Baseball's villainous portrayal of Rothstein is also criticized by CitationRiess, ‘The Early Innings’, 65.
59 Nathan, Saying It's So, 205.
60 Edgerton, Ken Burns's America, 181.
61 CitationAufderheide, ‘Television Public Service Broadcasting’, 48.
62 CitationPoon, ‘Making Money and Serving the Public Interest’, 128.
63 Edgerton, Ken Burns's America, 181.
64 Nathan, Saying It's So, 206.
65 Nathan, Saying It's So, 206
66 Nathan, Saying It's So, 206, 205.
67 CitationTygiel, Past Time, 220.
68 Edgerton, Ken Burns's America, 127, comments favourably in this regard: ‘Ken Burns, the producer-director as popular historian, regularly presents both the myth and reality of Baseball's legendary figures and incidents, leaving it up to the audience to decide which version of events it wants to believe’.
69 Grierson, Grierson on Documentary, 84.