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Sport in Society
Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics
Volume 17, 2014 - Issue 2
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Articles

More active and less fit: changes in physical activity in the adult Norwegian population from 1985 to 2011

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Pages 157-175 | Published online: 07 May 2013
 

Abstract

The article describes central aspects of the development of physical activity during leisure time of Norwegian adults, 15 years and above, for the period 1985–2011. The data in the article are from the Norwegian Monitor, which is a series of large surveys with a sample size increasing from 2200 in the first wave in 1985 to around 4000 in the last eight, carried out biannually by Ipsos Markeds og Mediainstituttet. The results show a substantial increase in physical activity from 1985 to 2011. A cohort analysis showed that the increase is largely due to period effects rather generational replacement. Bivariate and multiple regressions revealed that, in addition to social background variables, there was a positive influence on activity levels by variables such as satisfaction with own health and own body, and a BMI below 27.

Notes

 1. The question that is asked to the respondents is: ‘How often would you say that you are engaged in physical activity in the form of training or exercise?’. The alternatives are ‘never’, ‘less than once every 14 days’, ‘once every 14 days’, ‘once a week’, ‘two times a week’, ‘three to four times a week’, ‘five to six times a week’ and ‘one or more times a day’. The question thus relates to leisure time activity, unless people have the intention to combine walking to the job with training or exercise. In any case, the intention or the interpretation must be that of training or exercise and in most cases that will be in the form of leisure time activity.

 2.CitationSteen-Johnsen and Kirkegaard, ‘History and Organization of Fitness’.

 3.CitationSteene-Johannesen, ‘Physical Activity’; and CitationKolle, ‘Physical Activity Patterns’.

 4.CitationAndersen et al., ‘Changes in Physical Activity’.

 5.CitationDyrstad, ‘Fysisk form og trening i forsvaret'.

 6.CitationLevy, Play Behavior; CitationBouchard, Malina, and Pérusse, Genetics of Fitness.

 7.CitationKretchmar, Practical Philosophy of Sport; and CitationBreivik et al.,Fysisk aktivitet.

 8.CitationBråten, Modeller av menneske og samfunn.

 9.CitationRafoss and Troelsen, ‘Sports Facilities for All?’; and CitationBreivik et al.,Fysisk aktivitet.

10.CitationVaage, ‘Myten om spreke nordmenn står for fall’.

11.CitationFrønes and Kjølsrød, Det norske samfunn.

12.CitationBreivik et al.,Fysisk aktivitet.

13.CitationSandseter, ‘Scaryfunny’.

14.CitationBreivik et al.,Fysisk aktivitet.

15.CitationDepartementene, Sammen for fysisk aktivitet.

16.CitationHellevik, Jakten på den norske lykken.

17.CitationBreivik and Vaagbø, Utviklingen i fysisk aktivitet i den norske befolkning 1985–1997.

18.CitationDølvik, Danielsen, and Hernes, Kluss i vekslinga.

19.CitationBreivik, Det Gode Lange Livog Dets Gleder; CitationBreivik and Vaagbø, Utviklingen i fysisk aktivitet i den norske befolkning 1985–1997; CitationHellevik, Jakten på den norske lykken.

20.CitationFridberg, ‘Sport and Exercise in Denmark’.

21.CitationVaage, ‘Myten om spreke nordmenn står for fall’.

22.CitationDyrstad, ‘Fysisk form og trening i forsvaret'.

23.CitationAndersen et al.,Fysisk aktivitet blant voksne og eldre i Norge.

24.CitationOdden, ‘Hva skjer med norsk friluftsliv?’; CitationMortensen, Undersøkelse om fritid og sport 2007; CitationBakken Ulseth, ‘Mellom tradisjon og nydannelse’; and CitationBreivik et al.,Fysisk aktivitet.

25.CitationHellevik, ‘Postmaterialism as a Dimension’; CitationHellevik, ‘Age Differences’; CitationHellevik, ‘Economy, Values and Happiness’; and CitationHellevik, Jakten på den norske lykken.

26.CitationHellevik, Jakten på den norske lykken.

27.CitationDepartementene, Sammen for fysisk aktivitet.

28.CitationBreivik, Fysisk aktivitet i den norske befolkning 1985–2009.

29. Ibid.

30.CitationVaage, ‘Myten om spreke nordmenn står for fall’.

31.CitationAndersen et al.,Fysisk aktivitet blant voksne og eldre i Norge.

32.CitationBreivik, Fysisk aktivitet i den norske befolkning 1985–2009.

33.CitationSeippel, Orker ikke, gidder ikke, passer ikke?; CitationSeippel, Strandbu, and Aa, Sletten Ungdom og trening; CitationOmmundsen and Aadland, Fysisk inaktive voksne i Norge.

34.CitationSeippel, Orker ikke, gidder ikke, passer ikke?

35.CitationBakken Ulseth, ‘Mellom tradisjon og nydannelse’; CitationKolle, ‘Physical Activity Patterns’; Mortensen, Undersøkelse om fritid og sport 2007; Odden, ‘Hva skjer med norsk friluftsliv?’; and CitationSeippel, Strandbu, and Aa, Sletten Ungdom og trening.

36.CitationSynovate, Rapport Barn og Ungdom.

37.CitationHellevik, ‘Age Differences’; and CitationHellevik, Jakten på den norske lykken.

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