How positive processes function in negative relationships: Dispositional gratitude moderates the association between affective need and frequency of dating violence victimization

Abstract

Evidence indicates that dispositional gratitude may improve romantic relationships by reinforcing positive emotions between partners and by increasing awareness of affective needs, such as receiving emotional support, nurturance, and reassurance. However, little research has investigated the influence of gratitude on relationships characterized by violence. In the present study, participants (N = 421) completed a cross-sectional survey of experiences with dating violence, dispositional gratitude, and affective need. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Among individuals with lower rates of dispositional gratitude, higher levels of affective need were associated with lower frequency of dating violence victimization. However, among individuals with higher rates of dispositional gratitude, there was no evidence to suggest an association between affective need and frequency of victimization. These preliminary findings compel further investigation of how positive processes impact the perceived qualities of negative romantic relationships.

Keywords:

• gratitude
• dating violence
• romantic relationships
• affective need
• emerging adulthood

Acknowledgment

The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position of the funding partner.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by the John Templeton Foundation [grant number 15267] to the Greater Good Science Center at Berkley University and to the Center for School Safety, School Climate, and Classroom Management at Georgia State University.