Travel Demand Management and Social Exclusion

Abstract

Demand management policy and practice has been focused on the need to reduce car‐based trips and the level of congestion. Mode‐shift goals of transport policy now require a greater balance between congestion reduction objectives and the equally important policy objectives of social inclusion and safety. This paper examines transport disadvantage and social exclusion in urban Scotland. The work provides an overview of the trends and transport patterns in deprived areas. It examines the impact of income and gender on journey time and lifestyle and demonstrates the differential effects of transport access on the ability to access goods and services. The paper also looks at policies that are being developed to tackle the effects of transport disadvantage.

Keywords:

• demand management
• social exclusion

Notes

1. Scottish Household Survey (2000).

2. The Scottish Household Survey found 84 per cent of respondents lived within six minutes or less of their nearest bus stop.

3. Sixty per cent of respondents stated they would have someone to help them most or all of the time if they were confined to bed; 78 per cent stated they would have someone to take them to the doctors most or all of the time if they needed it.