Adolescents’ utilization of reproductive health services in Kaduna, Nigeria: the role of stigma

ABSTRACT

The need to improve the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and rights of adolescents is increasingly acknowledged. Unfortunately, many adolescents in Nigeria face significant barriers to accessing quality sexual and reproductive health services (SRHS), despite national policies promoting SRHS for adolescents. This paper explores the stigma influencing access to and utilization of SRHS among adolescents in Kaduna, Northwestern Nigeria. This qualitative study conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 adolescents and three nurses. Thematic analysis was employed for the study. The findings indicate that although the adolescents knew the importance of accessing SRHS, they were not inclined to utilize the services because of stigma. The stigma-related barriers to accessing SRHS were related to religion, community norms and the negative attitude of the community and health workers all resulting in adolescents feeling shy and ashamed to use SRHS. Suggestions made to address these challenges and promote access included the provision of youth-friendly services (YFS) that respect confidentiality and privacy and also having dedicated youth-only health clinics. Health workers emphasized the need for creating awareness in the community about adolescent SRH and rights and the need to improve resources to provide comprehensive youth-friendly SRHS. There is also the need to introduce targeted stigma reduction training programs for health workers providing youth-friendly services. The findings can inform context-specific interventions in Nigeria and better implementation of the country’s policies related to adolescent SRH.

KEYWORDS:

• Adolescents
• access
• utilization
• sexual and reproductive health services
• stigma
• social norms

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the management and staff of all the PHCs and all the participants who gave of their time for the current study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.