Nutritional status of patients with lymphoproliferative neoplasms before and after the first-line treatment

ABSTRACT

Background

Nutritional disorders in cancer patients, including lymphoproliferative neoplasms, occur with varying frequency.

Objectives

The primary aim of the study was to analyze the changes in the nutritional status of patients with lymphoproliferative neoplasms following first-line chemotherapy.

Materials and methods

46 patients, with a median age of 62 years, participated in a prospective single-center study. Their demographic, biochemical and clinical features were analyzed. The study consisted of several stages that were conducted at two time points. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

The study included patients with multiple myeloma (48%), non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (28%) or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (24%). After the end of the first-line chemotherapy, a decrease in the concentration of albumin (p = 0.04), transferrin (p = 0.38) and total cholesterol (p = 0.76) were found. Statistically greater unintended weight loss occurred before treatment initiation (p < 0.001). Moreover, a significant decrease in the mean values of the phase angle (p < 0.01) was noted.

Conclusions

Most patients before the oncological therapy did not show clinical or biochemical symptoms of malnutrition. However, after the treatment was completed, the parameters of the nutritional status showed its deterioration.

KEYWORDS:

• Body composition
• cancer patients
• chemotherapy
• lymphoproliferative neoplasms
• nutritional status
• oncology

Notes

1. Me – median

2. N – number of respondents

3. CLL – chronic lymphocytic leukemia

4. PCM – multiple myeloma

5. NHL – non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

6. VCD – bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone

7. R-CHOP – rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone

8. FCR – fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, rituximab

9. VTD – bortezomib, thalidomide, dexamethasone

10. CHOP – cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone

11. BR – bendamustine, rituximab

12. CLBO – obinutuzumab, chlorambucil

13. CTD – cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, dexamethasone

14. VD – bortezomib, dexamethasone

15. CR – complete remission

16. PR – partial remission

17. PD – progressive disease

18. M – mean

19. SD – standard deviation

20. Me – median

21. Q1 – first quartile

22. Q3 – third quartile

23. WBC – white blood cells

24. RBC – red blood cells

25. HGB – hemoglobin concentration

26. HCT – hematocrit

27. PLT – platelet count

28. ALB – albumin concentration

29. TRANSF – transferrin concentration

30. TC – total cholesterol concentration

31. LDL-C – low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration

32. HDL-C – high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration

33. WHR – waist-to-hip ratio

34. WHtR – waist-to-height ratio

35. BMI – body mass index

36. FFMI – free fat mass index

37. BM – body mass

38. MTM – muscle tissue mass

39. LBM – lean body mass

40. FM – fat mass

41. WM – water mass

42. PA – phase angle

43. BM – body mass

44. MTM – muscle tissue mass

45. LBM – lean body mass

46. FM – fat mass

47. WM – water mass

48. PA – phase angle

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by a scientific grant from the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice (no. KNW-1-212/N/8/Z).