The effect of shaped wheelchair cushion and lumbar supports on under-seat pressure, comfort, and pelvic rotation

Abstract

Aim. A wheelchair seat and position help clients perform daily activities. The comfort of the wheelchair can encourage clients to participate in daily activities and can help prevent future complications.

Purpose. This study evaluates how a shaped seat-cushion and two different back supports affect under-seat pressure, comfort, and pelvic rotation.

Method. Thirty healthy subjects were tested using two differently equipped manual wheelchairs. One wheelchair had a Velcro™ adjustable back seat and a plane seat-cushion. The other wheelchair had a non-adjustable sling-back seat and a plane cushion. The second wheelchair was also equipped with a shaped cushion and/or a detachable lumbar support. Under-seat pressure, estimated comfort, and pelvic rotation were measured after 10 min in each wheelchair outfit.

Results. Peak pressure increased with the shaped cushion compared to the plane cushion. No significant difference in estimated comfort was found. Pelvic posterior-rotation was reduced with the adjustable or detachable back-support irrespective of the shape of the seat cushion.

Conclusions. To support a neutral pelvic position and spinal curvature, a combination of a shaped cushion and a marked lumbar support is most effective.

Keyword:

• Manual wheelchair
• seating
• risks
• ergonomics
• positioning
• support