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Notes
1. See Smith (Citation2004, p. 191), Solomon (Citation1992, p. 66) and Trevor Morris and Simon Goldsworthy (Citation2008). See also http://www.nku.edu/~turney/prclass/readings/media_rel.html
2. All quotations and statistics mentioned are from Pew Research Center's Project for Excellence in Journalism (2010).
3. For a treatment of the scorched-earth approach of a newspaper publisher who is regarded as a visionary in the move from print to digital, see Carr (Citation2011, pp. B1, B6). For a treatment of the handful of the most successful new digital newsrooms at the local level, which depend overwhelmingly on donations and foundation grants, see The Knight Foundation (Citation2011).
4. These remarks were prepared for testimony offered on April 20, 2010 at the FCC workshop, “Newspaper/Broadcast Cross-Ownership Impact on Competition and Diversity in the Media Marketplace” (Dunlap, Citation2010).
5. See Rodney Benson and Matthew Powers (2011, pp. 49–53, 34). The French government provides roughly 13 percent of the revenues of the French newspaper industry. The total revenues of US newspaper industry in 2008 were approximately $48 billion. See the data of the Newspaper Association of America (http://www.naa.org/TrendsandNumbers.aspx). Our estimate does not include the emergency three-year $950 million subsidy the French government made to address the crisis facing French newspapers. On a per capita basis that would be like the US government making a three-year $5 billion additional subsidy.