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ARTICLES

When Cultural Criticism Blurs Cultural Hierarchies

The case of series journalism in France

Pages 907-923 | Received 27 Apr 2015, Accepted 12 May 2015, Published online: 24 Jul 2015
 

Abstract

This article analyzes the emergence of TV series criticism, a recent journalistic genre in French magazines. It aims to show how dedicated fans have become professional series journalists starting in the early 1990s. The study demonstrates that this new kind of journalism challenges cultural hierarchies by legitimizing TV series as a cultural genre and distinguishing between different types of series.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The author especially thanks Anne Salgues for her help and her recommendations.

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

Notes

1. “Il est de bon ton, à Paris, dans certains cercles, de la [télévision] traiter avec condescendance. Personne ne la regarde. Mais en province personne ne l’ignore” (Les cahiers de la télévision, no. 1, December 1962, 24).

2. During the 1990s their success made American series bankable for French channels, even more so than national programs.

3. Omnivores are individuals who have very diverse cultural tastes; they consume highbrow culture as well as lowbrow culture.

4. Four print magazines specialized in series analysis have been published in France since 1991: Génération Séries, Episode, Episodik and Génériques. Two others have relayed news and even “gossip” about series, Télé Séries and TV Séries magazines.

5. “Les séries ne se résument pas aux soaps de l’après-midi, mais elles sont, à plus d’un titre, de véritables créations télévisuelles.”

6.  “C’est entendu: sans audace, point de salut … le numéro 15 de Générique(s) fait la part belle à cette graine créative et artistique libérée des conservatismes et des névroses industrielles contre-productives.”

7. “Les séries sont encore trop souvent considérées comme des œuvres destinées uniquement à un public jeune, d’abord par ceux qui les ont vues lorsqu’ils étaient eux-mêmes enfants, ensuite par des critiques bien pensants qui refusent d’y voir autre chose qu’une télévision de divertissement, futile et superficielle.”

8. “Génération Série a été à sa manière le précurseur de cette volonté. D’autres doivent prendre le relais et aller plus loin encore dans l’approche critique de cette industrie. Un devoir d’autant plus important dans cette période d’effervescence exceptionnelle traversée par la production de séries.”

9. “Dire que nous souhaitons contribuer à donner à la critique de fictions télévisées ses ‘lettres de noblesse’ pourra toujours paraître prétentieux pour certains. Tant pis.”

10. “Ce mois-ci Le Shield est votre hôte pour une plongée dans l’univers du polar.”

11. The category “science fiction” compiles both fantasy series and science fiction series.

12. The same divide appears to affect thriller series. Whereas the thriller is the second most represented subgenre in Generation Séries’ covers, only one number of Génériques’ emphasizes a thriller series (The Shield, no. 9, November 2007).

13. This argument evokes Hallin and Mancini’s (Citation2004, 8) perspective which suggests that “one cannot understand the news media without understanding the nature of the state, the system of political parties, the pattern of relations between economic and political interests, and the development of civil society, among other elements of social structure”.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Anne-Sophie Béliard

Anne-Sophie Béliard, Communication, Information, Media, Sorbonne Nouvelle University, France. E-mail: [email protected]

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