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Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health Volume 74, 2019 - Issue 5
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Research Articles

Paraquat exposure and Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Wimonchat TangamornsuksanCenter of Excellence for Environmental Health & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; ;Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; View further author information
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Ornrat LohitnavyCenter of Excellence for Environmental Health & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; ;Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; ;Pharmacokinetic Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; View further author information
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Rosarin SruamsiriDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; ;Center of Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; View further author information
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Nathorn ChaiyakunaprukDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; ;Center of Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; ;School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia, Selangor; ;School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; ;School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; View further author information
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C. Norman ScholfieldCenter of Excellence for Environmental Health & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; ;Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; View further author information
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Brad ReisfeldCenter of Excellence for Environmental Health & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; ;Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USAView further author information
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Manupat LohitnavyCenter of Excellence for Environmental Health & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; ;Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; ;Pharmacokinetic Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand; Correspondence[email protected]
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Pages 225-238 | Received 22 Jan 2018, Accepted 19 Jun 2018, Published online: 25 Nov 2018
 
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Abstract

To reconcile and unify available results regarding paraquat exposure and Parkinson’s disease (PD), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide a quantitative estimate of the risk of PD associated with paraquat exposure. Six scientific databases including PubMed, Cochrane libraries, EMBASE, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and TOXLINE were systematically searched. The overall odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% CIs were calculated using a random-effects model. Of 7,309 articles identified, 13 case control studies with 3,231 patients and 4,901 controls were included into our analysis. Whereas, one prospective cohort studies was included into our systematic review. A subsequent meta-analysis showed an association between PD and paraquat exposure (odds ratio = 1.64 (95% CI: 1.27–2.13; I2 = 24.8%). There is a statistically significant association between paraquat exposure and PD. Thus, future studies regarding paraquat and Parkinson’s disease are warranted.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Ms. Pajaree Mongkhon for her technical assistance.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

Wimonchat Tangamornsuksan was financially supported by Naresuan University. Brad Reisfeld was financially supported by Naresuan University and the Fulbright Foundation (Thailand).

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