The Effect of Phytosterol-Rich Fraction from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate on Blood Serum Lipid Profile of Dyslipidemia Rats

ABSTRACT

Phytosterol-rich fraction (PRF) obtained from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) was investigated for its effect on blood serum lipid profile of dyslipidemia rats. Dyslipidemia was induced by force feeding cholesterol to five groups of rats; one group was a control or normal group. Cholesterol force-fed groups were treated with 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg PRF/kg/day for 4 weeks. All groups of rats were fed standard diet. A normal group was fed standard diet without PRF treatment and cholesterol force feeding. Lipid profile was measured every week (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4). Four-week treatment resulted in significant blood serum lipid profile improvement. PRF improved blood serum lipid profile by decreasing total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level and increasing high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level. The doses of PRF significantly affected blood serum lipid profile as well as duration of PRF treatment. PRF inhibited cholesterol absorption, which delayed blood serum total cholesterol rise. Cholesterol absorption inhibition was also indicated by higher fecal cholesterol concentration after PRF feeding. These results indicate the beneficial effect of PRF in the treatment of dyslipidemia.

KEYWORDS:

• deodorization
• distillate
• dyslipidemia
• lipid profile
• palm oil
• phytosterols

Declaration of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article.

Funding

The authors thank the Directorate General of Higher Education, Ministry of Education and Culture, Republic of Indonesia for funding this research through Penelitian Hibah Bersaing with contract no. 0062/SP2H/PP/K7/KL/II/2012, February 9, 2012.

About the authors

Kgs Ahmadi, PhD, Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University, Malang, Indonesia. Interest in the research of lipid technology and bioactive compound separation.

Huda Oktafa, MD, Health Department, State Polytechnic of Jember. Research interest in food nutrition and sensory.

Teti Estiasih, PhD, Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural Technology Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia Interest in lipid chemistry & technology, and bioactive compounds.