Biogenic amines in commercially produced Yulu, a Chinese fermented fish sauce

Abstract

Seven biogenic amines were determined in 35 commercially produced Yulu samples from three provinces of China by pre-column derivatisation with dansyl chloride (Dns-Cl) and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD). Putrescine, cadaverine, histamine and tyramine were the major biogenic amines (more than 100 mg kg⁻¹), while tryptamine, spermidine and spermine were regarded as minor biogenic amines (less than 25 mg kg⁻¹). Twenty samples contained more than 50 mg kg⁻¹ histamine (the limit for histamine in seafood products as suggested by the Food and Drug Administration). Twenty-one samples contained more than 100 mg kg⁻¹ tyramine and 10 contained more than 1000 mg kg⁻¹ total biogenic amines. This study provided data on biogenic amine levels in Chinese fermented fish sauce. The results suggested that biogenic amine content should be monitored in commercially produced Yulu.

Keywords:

• Yulu
• fish sauce
• fermented fish
• biogenic amines
• histamine