Deoxynivalenol and its acetyl derivatives in bread and biscuits in Shandong province of China

ABSTRACT

In the present study, 100 commercial breads and biscuits were investigated for the occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its acetylated derivatives 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-Ac-DON) and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-Ac-DON). The target mycotoxins were determined by isotope dilution ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS). DON was determined in 95% of the test samples with a mean value of 153.3 µg/kg. Compared with DON, 3-Ac-DON and 15-Ac-DON were far less frequently detected, with mean values of 1.14 and 0.37 µg/kg, respectively. The estimated daily intakes of the sum of DON and its derivatives in breads and biscuits were 0.0059 and 0.0313 µg/kg bw/day, respectively, which was within the group provisional tolerable daily intake of 1.0 µg/kg bw/day set by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. In the future, systematic monitoring programmes of DON and its derivatives in relevant foodstuffs are still necessary for food safety and human health.

KEYWORDS:

• Deoxynivalenol
• 3-Ac-DON
• 15-Ac-DON
• exposure
• risk assessment
• UPLC–MS/MS
• bread
• biscuit

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The present work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China: [Grant Number 21705095], the Health and Family Planning Commission of Shandong Province: [Grant Numbers 2014WS0382 and 2015WS0283], and the science and the technology development programme of traditional Chinese medicine of Shandong Province: [Grant Number 2015-316].