![Sample our Physical Sciences journals, sign in here to start your FREE access for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/110819/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Physical-Sciences.jpg"})
ABSTRACT
Residual antibacterial agents in 5909 animal and fishery products in Tokyo, Japan, were investigated over 17 consecutive years (2003–2019). Monitoring of 32 antibacterial agents (lincosamides, macrolides, penicillins, quinorones and tetracyclines) per product was accomplished via two steps: screening (by microbiological methods) and confirmation (by instrumental methods). Microbiological screening methods identified presumptive groups and determined semi-quantitative values. The instrumental methods quantified 81 residues of 11 different antibacterial agents in 72 samples. The screening strategy based on microbiological methods demonstrated the following: (i) the majority of the samples (over 99%) met Japanese regulations, (ii) using multiple methods provided a reliable inspection system with accurate quantitative values and (iii) there was a constant presence of tetracyclines and unexpected residues (lincomycin and norfloxacin) in various products. Thus, this long-term monitoring and screening strategy provided evidence that the frequencies and trends of residual antibacterial agents not only enhance food safety but also help to prevent antimicrobial resistance.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Food Safety Control of Bureau of Social Welfare of Public Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, Akihiko Hirai at Sagami Women’s Junior College for his helpful review of the manuscript and all participants who helped make this surveillance possible.
Disclosure statement
The authors have no financial or academic relations that could lead to conflicts of interest.
Ethical approval
This article did not involve human participants or use of animals.