Pesticides in edible mushrooms in Vietnam

ABSTRACT

Maximum residue limits (MRLs) for pesticides have been established for edible mushrooms in order to control quality and ensure benefits of consumers in numerous countries, especially areas comprising Europe. In this study, by means of optimising extract purification conditions, a high sensitivity and reliability method to simultaneously determine 180 pesticides in mushrooms has been proposed. Matrix effects were minimised by combining QuEChERS extraction and a mixed mode of SPE cleaned up with different adsorbent materials after sample preparation. The method was completely validated following the requirements of SANTE/12682/2019. The LOQs ranged from 2 to 5 μg/kg, well below the MRLs as regulated by the EU (10–50 μg/kg). Both relative standard deviation of repeatability (RSD_r) and reproducibility (RSD_R) were less than 20% and recoveries varied from 70 to 120%. Therefore, this method was considered to be suitable for routine analysis of multi-pesticide residues in edible mushrooms.

KEYWORDS:

• Pesticide
• edible mushroom
• food
• UPLC-MS/MS
• QuEChERS

Acknowledgments

This study was performed in the Laboratory of Environmental and Bioorganic Chemistry. The equipment was supported by the Graduate University of Science and Technology. The enthusiastic support of the International Equipment and Technical Service Company (IETS) of Vietnam is greatly acknowledged for their help to complete this study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology [grant number TĐNDTP.03/19-21];Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology [TĐNDTP.03/19-21];