Utilizing Child-centered Approach in Occupational Therapy: Are Occupational Therapists Ready for It?

ABSTRACT

There is limited information on the use of non-directive, child-initiated and child-directed play in occupational therapy. Play as an occupation characterized by internal control, intrinsic motivation, suspension from reality, and engaged in with focus on the process rather than the product necessitates child-centeredness with initiation and direction led by the child. This research aims to determine whether Filipino occupational therapists’ (OTs) attitudes, knowledge, and behavior are consistent with the principles of child-centered practice. A secondary analysis of a previous online survey was conducted. Purposive sampling and snow-balling techniques were used to select and recruit participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A total of 91 OTs participated in the study. Results of the study indicate OTs generally are child-centered in their attitude & behavior. However, responses to certain items under attitude (children need to be given correct answers to questions and children tend to make right decisions) and behavior (abilities to facilitate decision making and responsibility in children and to facilitate spontaneity and creativity during play) indicate some reservations with the approach. The current attitude, knowledge and behavior of Filipino occupational therapists indicate alignment with child-centered principles but with reservations. This may affect how play is utilized in practice.

KEYWORDS:

• Play
• child-centered
• child-directed play
• occupational therapy

Acknowledgments

The authors are very grateful for the assistance extended by the Philippine Academy of Occupational Therapists in inviting participants for this study.