A Catalytic and Green Procedure for Synthesis of 12-Aryl- or 12-Alkyl-8,9,10,12-Tetrahydrobenzo[α]xanthen-11-one Derivatives under Solvent-Free Conditions

ABSTRACT

An efficient green procedure for the preparation of 12-aryl- or 12-alkyl-8,9,10,12-tetrahydrobenzo[α]xanthen-11-one derivatives, employing three-component one-pot condensation reaction of β-naphthol, aldehydes, and cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, in the presence of Zr(HSO₄)₄ under solvent-free conditions, has been described. The present protocol offers several advantages such as high yields, shorter reaction time, simple workup, recovery and reusability of catalyst.

KEYWORDS:

• cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds
• multicomponent reaction
• solvent-free
• xanthene
• Zr(HSO₄)₄

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Research Council of Arak University.

Notes

^a All reactions carried out at 125°C.

^b Isolated yields.

^a The products were characterized by IR, ¹HNMR, ¹³C NMR, and elemental analysis.

^b Isolated yields.

^a All reactions carried out at 125°C.

^b Isolated yields.