Trace level determination of beryllium in natural and flavored mineral waters after pre-concentration using activated carbon

Abstract

The concentrations of beryllium (Be) in natural and flavored mineral water samples were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) after pre-concentration based on the complexation of Be⁺² with a mixture of acetylacetone (pentane-2,4-dione) plus morin (3,5,7,2′,4′-pentaoxyflavone) and adsorption on activated carbon. The adsorbed complex was eluted with 1.5 ml of 2.0 M HNO₃ and evaporated to dryness. After adding 1.5 ml of 2 M HNO₃ and centrifuging, Be in acid solution was determined by FAAS. To remove a number of metals present in water, EDTA was used as a chelating agent. Beryllium in mineral water samples was pre-concentrated by 500-fold, taking 750 ml as initial sample and 1.5 ml as the final volume. The relative standard deviations were sufficiently low for practical purposes and recoveries were up to 85%. Spiking experiments were performed in real samples to establish accuracy and recoveries. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.01 and 0.03 ng ml⁻¹, respectively. Twenty samples were analyzed for their beryllium content using optimum parameters. The highest concentration of beryllium was found to be 0.94 ± 0.15 ng ml⁻¹ in a natural mineral water, while beryllium was not detected in five samples.

Keywords:

• extraction
• FAAS
• toxic metals
• trace elements
• metal analysis
• beverages
• water

Acknowledgements

This study was supported as a scientific research project by TUBITAK-BIDEP-2209.