In-syringe solid phase extraction and in-syringe vortex-assisted solidified floating organic drop microextraction of Sb(III) and Sb(V) in rice wines with determination by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

ABSTRACT

The current non-chromatographic speciation methods generally involve the conversion of different species by oxidation/reduction reactions, which may cause inherent problems such as contamination risk, time consumption and complex operations. In this work, in-syringe solid phase extraction (IS-SPE) was combined with in-syringe vortex-assisted solidified floating organic drop microextraction (IS-VA-SFODME) for the detection of Sb(V) and Sb(III) in rice wines by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Firstly, IS-SPE involved the use of ZnFe₂O₄ nanotubes as the sorbent for the isolation and enrichment of Sb(V) and removal of the matrix components such as ethanol, pigment, sugars and carbohydrates. Then, IS-VA-SFODME was used for enriching Sb(III) in the original sample solution after IS-SPE. This technique exhibited good anti-interference ability and high enrichment efficiency without tedious pre-oxidation/pre-reduction and centrifugation/filtration operations, which may cause the contamination of samples. Under the selected conditions, the detection limits were 4.5 ng L⁻¹ and 3.2 ng L⁻¹ for Sb(III) and Sb(V) with relative standard deviations of 7.3% and 5.1%, respectively. This procedure was used with satisfactory results for the detection of Sb(III) and Sb(V) in rice wine samples and a certified reference material of water sample. Recoveries of spiked experiments ranged from 91.0 to 107%.

KEYWORDS:

• Antimony species
• in-syringe solid phase extraction
• in-syringe vortex-assisted solidified floating organic drop microextraction
• graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
• rice wines

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No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals.

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Additional information

Funding

This work was financially supported by the Key Research and Development Project of Hubei Province [No.2020BBB068], Central Committee Guides Local Science and Technology Development Special Project of Hubei Province [No. 2019ZYYD059] and Nature Science Foundation of Hubei Province [No.2020CFB400].