Accumulation of HT-2 toxin from contaminated mushroom compost by edible Agaricus bisporus

Abstract

Wheat straw is commonly used as a cellulose source in mushroom compost and could be a secondary source of mycotoxin contamination in the food chain. We cultivated edible Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus on T-2/HT-2 artificially-contaminated mushroom compost and developed and in-house validated an UHPLC-MS/MS method for determination of T-2, HT-2, T2-triol and T2-tetraol in mushroom compost and mushroom basidiocarp. A rapid phase I metabolization of T-2 and HT-2 in mushroom compost was observed. In Agaricus bisporus, basidiocarps 8–15 µg kg⁻¹ accumulation of HT-2 calculated on wet weight was measured. No detectable mycotoxins were found in Pleurotus ostreatus basidiocarp.

Keywords:

• Mushroom
• mycotoxins
• UHPLC-MS/MS
• Agaricus bisporus
• Pleurotus ostreatus

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The Authors greatly acknowledge the financial support of the National Competitiveness and Excellence Program (no. NVKP_16-1-2016-0035), the European Union and the co-financing provided by the European Social Fund (grant agreement no. EFOP3.6.3-VEKOP-16-2017-00005) and the Food Science Doctorial School of Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences.