Evaluation of different regression models for detection of adulteration of mustard and canola oil with argemone oil using fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics

Abstract

Mustard and canola oils are commonly used cooking oils in Asian countries such as India, Nepal, and Bangladesh, making them prone to adulteration. Argemone is a well-known adulterant of mustard oil, and its alkaloid sanguinarine has been linked with health conditions such as glaucoma and dropsy. Utilising a non-destructive spectroscopic method coupled with a chemometric approach can serve better for the detection of adulterants. This work aimed to evaluate the performance of various regression algorithms for the detection of argemone in mustard and canola oils. The spectral dataset was acquired from fluorescence spectrometer analysis of pure as well as adulterated mustard and canola oils with some local and commercial samples also. The prediction performance of the eight regression algorithms for the detection of adulterants was evaluated. Extreme gradient boosting regressor (XGBR), Category gradient boosting regressor (CBR), and Random Forest (RF) demonstrate potential for predicting adulteration levels in both oils with high R² values.

Keywords:

• Chemometrics
• mustard oil adulteration with argemone
• fluorescence spectroscopy
• regression analysis
• principal component analysis

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The author would like to thank Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi for IoE Dev. Scheme No.6031 for financial assistance. Kunal Shiv and Anupam Singh also acknowledge the University Grant Commission (UGC), New Delhi for financial assistance in the form of a Senior Research Fellowship, Ref No.: 3496/(NET-DEC 2018), and Ref No.: 190510635704 respectively.