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Abstract
A theoretical model is presented that depicts the major factors contributing to the mean strength of singles worsted yarns. Based upon essential concepts introduced by Sullivan in 1942, the formulae include extensions that have been found necessary to give an accurate representation of the strength of such yarns. The most important new concept is that of an ‘ineffective’ outer layer of fibres that does not contribute directly to the strength of the yarn, though it could play a part in initiating the development of lateral pressures within the structure. It is this latter process which, in conjunction with inter-fibre frictional forces, permits a yarn made of staple fibres to function as an effective load-carrying structure.
