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Articles

Measurements of surf zone sand bed dynamics under irregular waves

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Pages 981-994 | Published online: 09 Aug 2012
 

Abstract

Measurements of velocity profiles, sediment concentration, pore-pressure and sheet flow layer dynamics are analysed in order to better assess the relative importance of the processes that contribute to destabilise the bed of a sandy beach. These measurements were conducted in the surf zone of irregular waves, in a 30 m × 30 m wave tank. The effects of flow acceleration, excess pore-pressure vertical gradients across the bed and infiltration/exfiltration seepage flow are studied. The appearance of a sheet flow layer is apparently initiated by the strong accelerations in the wave fronts. These results are compared to field measurements at Truc-Vert beach (Atlantic coast of France). Probably due to the partial saturation of the bed made of finer sand in the wave tank experiments, the upwards-directed excess pore-pressure gradient could enhance the bed destabilisation compared to that observed in the field.

Des mesures de profil de vitesses, de concentration en sédiment, de pressions intersticielles et de la dynamique de la couche de fond sont analysées afin de mieux juger de l’importance relative des processus susceptibles de déstabiliser le lit d’une plage. Ces mesures ont été réalisées en laboratoire, dans un bassin de 30 m × 30 m, dans la zone de déferlement de vagues irrégulières et sur la plage du Truc Vert (côte Aquitaine, France). Les effets d’accélération, du gradient vertical de pression à travers le lit et de l’écoulement d’infiltration/exfiltration sont étudiés. L’apparition d’une couche mobile et fortement concentrée semble initiée par les fortes accélérations précédant le passage de la crête des vagues. Probablement dû à un lit partiellement saturé et constitué de grains plus fins dans les expériences en bassin, la déstabilisation du lit par un gradient de pression interstitielle orienté vers le haut n’apparaît pas négligeable comme dans les mesures de terrain.

Acknowledgements

This research was sponsored by the MODLIT project (DGA/SHOM – INSU/RELIEFS) and the ECORS project (DGA/SHOM), with an additional financial support from ANR COPTER. We are grateful for the technical support of SOGREAH, especially G. Excoffier and L. Marcellin. We would also like to thank all the contributors, no matter how long they participated on the experiment. B.G. Ruessink and another anonymous reviewer are gratefully acknowledged for their valuable comments on the manuscript.

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