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Articles

Two-dimensional/three-dimensional biphasic modelling of the dynamic modulus of bituminous materials

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Pages 430-443 | Published online: 17 Apr 2013
 

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of a modelling in two and three dimensions (2D/3D) on the dynamic modulus of bituminous materials based on finite elements method (FEM) under a frequency loading. The dynamic modulus of the matrix and the elastic properties of aggregates were used as input parameters into FEM models qualified by heterogeneous models. The studied bituminous materials are fine mastic and mortar. These two composites are treated as a biphasic composite material, composed of a bituminous binder and an aggregate skeleton. The generalised Maxwell rheological model was used to describe viscoelastic behaviour of the matrix. The aggregate skeleton of composites was generated randomly. The numerical results were compared with the analytical values of the complex modulus obtained by the generalised self-consistent scheme and a satisfactory agreement was obtained. Moreover, the 2D numerical results are situated below the 3D results, and both are placed below the experimental results. The observed gap highlights the weakness of 2D models to describe behaviours, which are highly influenced by heterogeneities in terms of mechanical properties and interlock between aggregates.

L’objectif de cet article est d’estimer l’impact du passage d’une modélisation en trois dimensions (3D) à une modélisation en deux dimensions (2D) sur la prédiction du module complexe des matériaux bitumineux par la méthode des éléments finis sous chargement fréquentiel. Les matériaux bitumineux considérés sont le mastic et le mortier. Ces deux composites sont considérés comme des matériaux bi-phasique contenant un liant bitumineux et un squelette granulaire. Le squelette granulaire a été généré aléatoirement. Les résultats du calcul numérique ont été comparés aux résultats issus du modèle analytique GSCS (generalised self-consistent scheme) et une bonne concordance a été observée. Les résultats en 2D sont en deçà de ceux obtenus en 3D et l’ensemble est logiquement situé en dessous des résultats expérimentaux. L’écart observé montre la faiblesse des modèles en 2D pour décrire des comportements largement influencés par l’hétérogénéité des propriétés mécaniques et l’interconnexion des granulats.

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