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Abstract
Dynamic deformation behaviours of soil measured by resonant column tests or cyclic triaxial tests are very important in dynamic response analyses. This paper presents the Particle Flow Code in three-dimensional analysis of dynamic deformation behaviours of coarse aggregate under both Single-Direction Vibration (SDV) and Multi-Direction Vibration (MDV) conditions. The numerical model of coarse aggregate is presented, and the desired porosity is obtained by a radius expansion method. It has been found from this research that the dynamic shear modulus under MDV condition is larger than that under SDV condition under the same dynamic shear strain. The damping ratio obeys the same law. The maximum dynamic shear modulus and the maximum dynamic shear stress ratios of MDV and SDV are 1.35 and .98, respectively. Both the normalised dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio vs. normalised dynamic shear strain have the same trend for different cyclic loading methods. According to the energy analysis, particles do not always slide under cyclic loading. When the strain energy approaches the original state from the maximum or minimum strain energy, particles do not slide. In order to simulate the real material dynamic deformation behaviour, the relationship between microscopic parameters and dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio are studied and a calibration procedure of microscopic parameters is proposed.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the support of National Science Joint High Speed Railway Foundation of China (No. U1134207), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51109068), Programme for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of China (No. IRT1125) and the 111 Project of China (No. B13024). The editorial help from Ms Cindy Costain at Ryerson University is greatly appreciated.