Determinants of smallholder livestock farmers’ adoption decisions of improved fodder technologies in Insiza District

Abstract

The study investigated the factors that influence the extent of the use of fodder technologies in the Insiza District of Zimbabwe, as well as the reasons for their low adoption and the lower participation of women than men in fodder interventions. A mixed methods approach was used and data were collected using a structured questionnaire, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. The multi-stage sampling approach was used to generate a sample of 224 respondents who received training on fodder production from the Zimbabwe Resilience Building Fund (ZRBF) intervention. Using the ordered probit regression model, factors such as gender, education level attained, cattle herd size, total livestock units, land size, willingness to invest more in fodder, engagement in farm enterprises, and intensity of collaborations were found to significantly influence the number of improved fodder technologies adopted. In addition, farmers perceived that fodder technologies are beneficial. The imposition of externally determined innovations, as well as the scarcity of seed for fodder crops, were cited as the primary reasons for the low adoption of fodder technologies promoted prior to the ZRBF intervention. Findings also suggested the existence of gender-specific constraints emanating from the prevalence of a powerful patriarchal culture as the major factor limiting women’s participation in fodder interventions relative to men. Thus, the study recommends that the ZRBF and the government design well-packaged rural development policies, promote equitable gender participation and adopt participatory approaches when proffering solutions to local community problems. The study’s original contributions include the use of a mixed methods approach, a focus on the extent of fodder technology adoption rather than the probability of adoption, and an investigation into the reasons for women’s lower participation than men in fodder intervention.

Keywords:

• improved fodder technologies
• smallholder farmers
• livestock
• adoption
• determinants
• agricultural innovations

Acknowledgments

We acknowledge and appreciate the research grants received from both the African Economic Research Consortium (AERC) and the Zimbabwe Resilience Building Fund (ZRBF) to facilitate the carrying out of this study. The manuscript was extracted from the thesis “Uptake of Fodder Production and its Role in Boosting the Contribution of Livestock to Resilience Building in Insiza District” conducted in fulfilment and as part of the requirements for the awarding of the Masters of Agricultural and Applied Economics at the University of Zimbabwe. The study acknowledges the use of outdated literature in discussing the results and this is attributed to a lack of recent literature.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Consortium pour la recherche économique en Afrique; Zimbabwe Resilience Building Fund: Service Contract No: RKH 20/20k, MERCY CORPS.