Liraglutide innovations: a comprehensive review of patents (2014–2024)

Abstract

Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complicated long-term disorder associated with metabolism that is identified by insulin resistance, imbalance in glucose regulation and reduced secretion of insulin. GLP-1(Glucagon-like peptide-1) is an incretin mimetic that has excellent effects on the regulation of blood glucose levels and also the management of disorders associated with vital organs. GLP-1 agonist is an effective class of drug for the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus and associated complications. Liraglutide is one of the potent drugs of this class having similar effects as biological GLP-1. This review includes clinical trials and patents related to the pharmaceutical formulation, synthesis and biological action of liraglutide.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Keywords: :

• Biological actions
• GLP-1
• Incretin mimetic
• Liraglutide's formulations
• Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Financial disclosure

The authors have no financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Competing interests disclosure

The authors have no competing interests or relevant affiliations with any organization or entity with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

Writing disclosure

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.