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Articles

Effects of brand familiarity and brand loyalty on imagery elaboration in online apparel shopping

网上服装购物中品牌熟悉度和品牌忠诚度对图像阐述的影响

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 193-206 | Received 03 Nov 2016, Accepted 16 Jan 2017, Published online: 19 Apr 2017
 

Abstract

Consumers tend to imagine product features, functions, or usage that they have learned from previous exposure to and experiences with brands, especially when they engage in online apparel shopping. Prior brand-related factors, such as brand familiarity and brand loyalty, may influence imagery elaboration – the activation of stored information in the production of mental images beyond that provided by the stimulus – evoked through virtual product experience tools with online apparel websites. Thus, the purpose of this study was to empirically examine how brand familiarity and brand loyalty impact imagery elaboration at online apparel websites and consequently influence attitudinal and behavioral intention relative to the brand. Utilizing MacInnis and Joworski’s model of brand attitude formation, a conceptual model was developed. Using an Internet-based survey, data was collected from 403 undergraduates at a Midwestern university in the US. Results indicated participants familiar with, and loyal to, a brand engaged in greater imagery elaboration as evoked through virtual product experiences, resulting in positive brand attitudes and online purchase intention. Managerial implications are discussed to highlight the important roles of brand familiarity and brand loyalty on imagery elaboration, brand attitudes, and online purchase intentions.

消费者往往从之前接触或体验过的品牌来推测产品的特性、功能、和用法,尤其是在网上购买服装时。品牌相关因素如品牌熟悉度和品牌忠诚度,会影响图像阐释 – – 由存储信息产生的心理图像远高于某一刺激所产生的 – – 这会激发消费者使用服装网站上的虚拟产品体验工具。之前,研究员得出品牌熟悉度和品牌忠诚度对品牌态度和行为反应有积极影响,而且网络购物时,图像阐述对品牌态度和行为反应也有积极影响。然而,品牌相关因素尤其是品牌熟悉度和品牌忠诚度,在网上购买服装中如何影响由虚拟商品体验所产生的图像阐述,还尚未可知。因此,研究目的就是检验品牌熟悉度和品牌忠诚度对服装网站中图像阐述的影响,从而得出品牌熟悉度和品牌忠诚度对某一品牌态度和行为意向的影响。

在网络环境下,品牌相关因素可以激发图像阐释,这一概念与麦凯莱斯和亚沃斯基的品牌态度形成过程模型相一致。根据这一模型,个人可以利用已有的认知和以往的使用体验来超越网络所产生的刺激,这样就可以进行图像阐述,反过来,也会形成积极的品牌态度。基于这种模型,我们假设一种情景,如在浏览服装品牌网站,个人若熟悉和忠诚于某一品牌,就会对主推产品进行高层次的图像阐述,从而产生积极的品牌态度和在线购买意愿。

在美国中西部的一所大型高校中,选取了一些本科生作为方便样本参与此次研究,并从大学注册办公室购买了七千个电子邮件地址。在7000名受邀者中,有403名女性做出回应,回应率为6%。首先,评估参与者对J.Crew服装品牌的品牌熟悉度和忠诚度,这里把服装品牌作为刺激因素。参与者访问网站,并在特定时间内浏览各式各样的牛仔服装样式。然后,评估参与者的图像阐释、品牌态度和在线购买意愿,再制定量表,来测量五个变量。例如,用图像阐释量表来测量图像阐释。五个变量的内部可靠性均高于.70,说明具有良好的可靠性。使用Lisrel8.71结构方程模型分析软件来测试拟建模型。

使用验证性因素分析法来测试测量模型,该模型由19个指标和5个潜变量组成。测量模型与数据拟合:χ2(142, N = 352) = 387.38, p < .001; SRMR = .056, RMSEA = .070, CFI = .98, NFI = .97, IFI = .98。五个构造充分体现了假定的维度和测量的有效性。拟建模型与数据完美拟合:χ2(142, N = 352) = 387.38, p < .001; SRMR = .056; RMSEA = .070; CFI = .98; NFI = .97; IFI = .98。品牌熟悉度对图像阐述(β = .24,t = 3.60,p < .001)和品牌态度(β = .16,t = 3.22,p < .01)均有积极影响,却对在线购买意愿没有太大影响(β = −.03,t = −.51,p > .05)。品牌忠诚度对图像阐述(β=.25, t = 4.05, p < .001)、品牌态度(β = .11, t = 2.26, p < .05)和在线购买意愿(β = .26, t = 5.36, p < .001)均有积极影响。图像阐释对品牌态度(β = .62, t = 11.12, p < .001) 和在线购买意愿 (β = .31, t = 4.64, p < .001)有积极影响。品牌态度和在线购买意愿呈正相关(β = .30, t = 4.51, p < .001)。直接、间接和总效应的分解表明,品牌熟悉度和品牌忠诚度间接影响了由图像阐释所调解的品牌态度。

参与者熟悉并忠于某一服装品牌,就会对其进行图像阐释,这种阐释是由体验线上产品所激发出来的,继而会产生积极的品牌态度和在线购买意愿。这一结果为麦凯莱斯和亚沃斯基的品牌态度形成模型提供了经验支持。这项研究还证明了品牌熟悉度和品牌忠诚度对图像阐释起着重要的作用,而且还得出在两个品牌因素与对品牌的态度和行为反应之间,图像阐释起着调解作用。这为在线服装零售商和营销商提供了一些管理启示,比如考虑采用先进的虚拟产品体验工具如3D视频技术和虚拟现实,以提高在线消费者的品牌熟悉度和品牌忠诚度,以及加强图像阐释。不同类型的线上产品体验工具(例如,360度全景视频或虚拟现实)和不同的产品类型都可以形成图像阐释。所以,将来研究人员会对不同的消费群体、产品和购物网站进行反复的研究,以此来检验研究结果。

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