Notes
1. Climate action at the municipal level has a surprisingly long history. See Bulkeley (Citation2010).
2. Many US states had taken action prior to Trump’s election. Several Northeastern states have been operating a cap-and-trade system (the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative) for power plants since 2009, for example.
3. For an informative discussion of such effects, see Caney (Citation2014, pp. 136–139).
4. It is rather more plausible that Horace has a duty to ‘take up the slack’, and save both children. Several philosophers have defended national-level slack-taking duties in the climate case (e.g. Caney, Citation2005; pp. 766–767, 771–772; Hohl & Roser, Citation2011).
5. We are indebted to Karnein (Citation2014, pp. 599–600) on this point.