Introduction

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Notes

¹G. Bock, ‘Women's History and Gender History: Aspects of an International Debate’ in R. Shoemaker and M. Vincent (eds) Gender and History in Western Europe (London: Arnold, 1998); Tim Mason, ‘Women in Germany, 1925–1940: Family, Welfare and Work’, History Workshop, 1 (Spring 1976), pp. 74–113; Claudia Koonz, Mothers in the Fatherland: Women, the Family and Nazi Politics (Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1987) Victoria DeGrazia, How Fascism Ruled Women (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1992); Alexander DeGrand, ‘Women under Italian Fascism’, Historical Journal, 19 (1976), pp. 947–968; Jill Stephenson, Women in Nazi Society (New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1975); Maria-Antonietta Macciocchi, ‘Female Sexuality in Fascist Ideology’, Feminist Review 1 (1979), pp. 67–82.

²Kate Millett, Sexual Politics (New York: Rupert Hart Davis, 1970).

³Betty Freidan, The Feminine Mystique (New York: Dell, 1963), p. 32.

⁴Ibid., p. 294.

⁵‘Democracy and Peace: Women's Campaign’, Manchester Guardian, 19 May 1936.

⁶Virginia Woolf, Three Guineas (London: Chatto & Windus, 1984), p. 223 (first published in 1938).

⁷See Women under the Third Reich: A Biographical Dictionary (Westport, CN: Greenwood Press, 1998), compiled by S. Cosner and V. Cosner.

⁹Kevin Passmore, ‘The Gendered Genealogy of Political Religion Theory’, Gender & History, 20:3 (2008), pp. 644–668. See also Kevin Passmore ‘Theories of Fascism: A Critique from the Perspective of Women and Gender History’ in Antonio Costa Pinto (ed.) Rethinking the Nature of Fascism: Comparative Perspectives (London: Palgrave, 2011).

⁸Emilio Gentile, ‘The Sacralisation of Politics: Definitions, Interpretations and Reflections on the Question of Secular Religion and Totalitarianism’ in Roger Griffin and Matthew Feldman (eds) Fascism: Critical Concepts in Political Science (London: Routledge, 2004), Vol. 3, pp. 18–55.

¹⁰See Paula Bacchetta and Margaret Power (eds) Right-Wing Women: From Conservatives to Extremists around the World (London: Routledge, 2002); Martin Durham, Women and Fascism (London: Routledge, 1998); Martin Durham and Margaret Power (eds) New Perspectives on the Transnational Right (New York: Palgrave, 2010) includes chapters on gender; and Kevin Passmore (ed.) Women, Gender and Fascism in Europe, 1919–1945 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2003).

¹¹See Tom Buchanan, ‘Anti-Fascism and Democracy in the 1930s’, European History Quarterly, 32 (2002), pp. 39–57; Nigel Copsey, Anti-Fascism in Britain (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 2000); Nigel Copsey and Andrzej Olechnowicz, Varieties of Anti-Fascism (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2010)

¹²See, for instance, Dan Stone, ‘“The Mein Kampf Ramp”: Emily Overend Lorimer and Hitler Translations in Britain’, German History, 26:4 (2008), pp. 504–519, and Emmanuelle Carle, ‘Women, Anti-Fascism and Peace in Interwar France: Gabrielle Duchene's Itinerary’, French History, 18:3 (2004), pp. 291–314.

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Julie V. Gottlieb

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