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Article

Marketing mix elements influencing brand attitude strength: Global vs. domestic SPA brands

营销组合要素对品牌态度强度的影响:全球性与国产 SPA 品牌的对垒

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Pages 263-281 | Received 05 Oct 2012, Accepted 30 Nov 2012, Published online: 30 May 2013
 

Abstract

This study estimates a path model to examine the relationships among marketing mix elements, brand attitudes and purchase intentions, and compares the path models between global and domestic SPA brands. For this study, four SPA brands, including domestic brands (Codes Combine and Who-a-u) and global brands (Zara and Uniqlo), were selected based on purchase experience with the brands. A total of 276 usable responses were obtained from Korean consumers aged from 18 to 32 who met the major target audience of the selected SPA brands in Korea. Finding showed that marketing mix elements consisted of “merchandise assortment”, “store”, and “lower pricing” in the SPA brands. For the total sample, an estimated model showed that “merchandise assortment” and “store” were significantly related to brand attitude strength, which led to purchase intentions. Multi-group analysis indicated that there were significant differences in the effects of “store” on cognitive attitude and on purchase intentions between global and domestic brands, and significant difference in the effect of affective attitude on purchase intentions between the two groups. Managerial implications were discussed in relation to devising a strategic marketing mix for a successful fast fashion business in a competitive marketplace.

摘要:现如今,随着全球自有品牌专业零售商的大量涌入,韩国时装市场已被淹没。由于对营销实践可以迅速反应,他们被称为快速时装品牌。本土的营销人员需要确定影响品牌态度强度的营销组合的关键因素,了解国内和目前在韩国市场上销售全球快时尚品牌的品牌战略管理之间的差异。 因此,本研究确定了已选的SPA品牌的战略营销组合的基本要素,估计一个研究营销组合要素、品牌态度及购买意愿之间的关系的路径模型,并比较全球和国内的SPA路径模型。

一些研究讨论了SPA品牌营销组合战略在认知和情感方面与强大的品牌态度有关。然而,没有实证研究表明营销组合的确可以提升品牌态度强度。此外,全球SPA品牌的吸引力,通常取决于有效的营销实践,这是获取有利的态度或购买意向的一个重要的因素,而不是在全球范围内的原产地效应。 因此,本研究试图检验营销组合战略是否可以提升品牌态度强度,而反过来又鼓励购买的SPA品牌的行为意向。 我们还假设,营销组合要素的功能在全球和国内品牌之间存在差异。

在数据采集方面,我们选择四个最常购买的SPA品牌,其中有两个国内品牌(Codes Combine 和Who-a-u)和两个在韩国市场的全球品牌(ZARA和Uniqlo)。本次抽查的消费者年龄集中在从18至32岁,他们是SPA品牌在韩国的主要消费目标。 总共有276名参与者完成了自填式问卷调查,女性(61.7%)比男性(38.3%)多。受访者被要求选择一个他们曾经购买的品牌,并评估有关的营销组合元素,品牌态度和购买意愿等问题。48%(n = 132)的参与者对全球化SPA品牌做出反应,52%(n = 144)的参与者对国内SPA品牌做出反应。

初步探讨,用探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析来进行评估措施的有效性和可靠性。路径分析模型使用LISREL 8.8对相关矩阵进行最大似然估计。 随后,应用多组分析来比较全球和国内的SPA品牌之间的路径模型。

结果表明,营销组合要素包括三点:商品种类、商店和低价。据估计,总样本路径模型表明,市场营销组合要素与对品牌态度显著相关,这直接影响了对SPA品牌的购买意愿。在营销组合要素中,商品种类因素对SPA品牌认知和情感态度有积极的影响。商店的因素对认知态度和购买意向有正向直接作用。

在两个品牌集团(全球与国内)的调节作用方面,商店因素在对全球和国内的SPA品牌认知态度的影响是有区别的,而商品种类对态度的影响中两组之间无显着差异。此外,情感态度对购买意向的影响在两个组之间有显著性差异。然而,全球和国内SPA品牌之间认知态度对购买意向的影响是相同的。

因此,这项研究表明了作用的共性和差异,在快速时尚市场建立品牌影响力时营销力度担当重要角色。在全球视野,营销人员必须在商品种类和战略储备管理上投资以提升品牌态度的强度。通过考虑在品牌态度强度的具体的营销组合的大小和/或相对重要性,调查结果为SPA品牌经理充分利用营销组合来影响品牌态度强度提供深入了解,这能够在全球竞争背景下提高企业的绩效。对于全球SPA品牌,营销人员应该在商店因素上强调认知方法,如按比例放大尺寸,在店内展示或地理位置,提供功利价值(例如,可感知的质量和购物的便利性)。然而,国内的SPA品牌营销需要通过有效的供应链管理来提供有深度和宽度快速时尚单品的商品,以刺激消费者的情感反应。

这项研究结果由于限制应谨慎解释。它同时也建议,在全球背景下,未来的研究应审视文化变量如何影响营销组合要素对SPA品牌态度强度的效用。

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