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Articles

Ecological separation of habitat variables among five rare pheasant species of the Himalayas, India

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Pages 97-103 | Received 10 Jan 2013, Accepted 22 Mar 2013, Published online: 01 May 2013
 

Abstract

The study of habitat variables of five rare pheasant species inhabiting the Himalayas, India, was carried out with the aim of evaluating niche overlap levels and explaining ecological separation among these coexisting species. The performed Discriminant Function Analysis revealed that altitude was a decisive discriminant factor in species segregation. The second function described pheasant habitats in terms of vegetation components (a higher percentage of grass cover and low herb density), while the third function represented forested areas varying from open to closed canopy forest with a simultaneous increase in the percentage of shrub cover. The study revealed that all the five pheasant species under study have fitted into a three-dimensional niche space in the habitat. A detailed discussion of each species study is presented.

Ištirti penkių retų Indijos Himalajuose gyvenančių fazanų rūšių buveinių kintamieji, įvertintas ekologinių nišų persidengimas, pagrįstas šių koegzistuojančių rūšių ekologinis atskirtumas. Diskriminantinė analizė parodė, kad visas rūšis diferencijuojantis lemiamas veiksnys yra buveinės aukštis virš jūros lygio. Antroji diskriminantinė funkcija apibūdina fazanų buveinių augalijos komponentus (dominuojanti žolinė danga ir retai augantys žoliniai augalai). Trečioji funkcija apibūdina miškingas vietoves su skirtingo susivėrimo skliautu (nuo atviro iki susivėrusio) bei didėjančia krūmų dangos dalimi. Tyrimas parodė, kad visos fazanų rūšys turi savo trimatę nišą buveinėje.

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Prof. Jamal A. Khan for supervising the study. The authors extend their sincere thanks to the Ministry of Environment and Forest, India for financial support. Thanks also go to anonymous reviewers for making useful comments. Locals and villagers are acknowledged for their help and support during data collection.

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