145
Views
14
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Diet of the Little Owl (Athene noctua) during the pre-reproductive period in a semi-arid Mediterranean region

Pages 314-323 | Received 03 Mar 2014, Accepted 10 Sep 2014, Published online: 10 Oct 2014
 

Abstract

The assessment of feeding conditions and variations in diet composition over the pre-breeding period of birds plays a keyrole in the understanding of reproductive performance. Pellets regurgitated by the Little Owl, Athene noctua, were collected from Boulhilet (Batna, north-east Algeria). The analysis of 48 pellets resulted in the identification of 471 prey-items of 38 different species classified into 6 classes, 7 orders, 21 families, and 35 genera. Although the diet of the Little Owl mainly consists of arthropods, it is highly diverse (Food Niche Breadth = 14.5, Shannon index = 4.4 bits). Insects are made up 90% of the consumed food; however, they accounted only for 8% of the total biomass. Small mammal prey constituting a rich source of energy during the pre-breeding period, when other kinds of prey are not available due to cold conditions, made up 72% of the diet biomass. We found no significant variation in rodents as a component (number of prey-individuals, biomass, and prey-species richness, prey-species occurrence) of the Little Owl’s diet between study months and years. Meanwhile, the other identified prey-categories, principally invertebrates (characterized by prey frequency, composition, and biomass) showed significant variations between months and/or years of the study. We suggest that these prey categories represent a food supplement when conditions become severe.

Mitybos sąlygos ir mitybos pokyčiai prieš perėjimą yra labai svarbūs paukščių veisimosi sėkmei. Išanalizavus paprastųjų pelėdikių (Athene noctua) 48 atrajas, surinktas Boulhilet (Batna, Alžyro šiaurės rytuose), buvo apibūdintos 38 rūšių grobio liekanos (n = 471), priskiriamos 6 klasėms, 7 būriams, 21 šeimai ir 35 gentims. Paprastosios pelėdikės mityba buvo labai įvairi (mitybinės nišos pločio indeksas FNB = 14,5, Šenono H = 4,4), jos pagrindą sudarė nariuotakojai. 90% pelėdikių suvartoto maisto (8% biomasės) sudarė vabzdžiai. Vertinant pagal biomasę, 72% pelėdikių mityboje sudarė smulkieji žinduoliai. Jie yra geras energijos šaltinis prieš perėjimą, kuomet dėl atšiaurių oro sąlygų stinga kitų rūšių grobio. Reikšmingų skirtumų tarp smulkiųjų žinduolių individų skaičiaus, biomasės, rūšinės įvairovės bei aptikimo dažnio pelėdikių maiste įvairiais tyrimo metais ir mėnesiais nebuvo nustatyta. Kitų grobio rūšių, ypač bestuburių, aptikimo dažnis, rūšinė sudėtis ir biomasė įvairiais mėnesiais ir metais reikšmingai skyrėsi. Manome, kad esant atšiaurioms sąlygoms toks grobis tik papildo paprastosios pelėdikės mitybą.

Acknowledgments

I am grateful to Dr Makhlouf Sekour (University of Ouargla, Algeria) for the useful information on the identification of small mammals and providing some references on the diet of owls in Algeria. I thank Prof. Abdelkrim Si Bachir (University of Batna, Algeria) for his help in the identification of the Little Owl’s prey. Many thanks to Dr Melanie Massaro (Charles Sturt University, Australia) for her help in language editing.

Log in via your institution

Log in to Taylor & Francis Online

PDF download + Online access
  • 48 hours access to article PDF & online version
  • Article PDF can be downloaded
  • Article PDF can be printed
USD 61.00 Add to cart
* Local tax will be added as applicable

Related Research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.