CuO nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and reusable catalyst for polyhydroquinoline derivatives under ultrasonication

ABSTRACT

CuO nanoparticles (NPs) with a crystalline size of around 10 nm have been synthesized via aqueous precipitation method and characterized by various standard microscopic techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction to determine the size and structure. It was characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and thermal analyses (TG/DTG/DTA, thermogravimetry analysis/derivative thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis) to check out the purity of prepared NPs and composition. Furthermore, CuO NPs were efficiently used as a heterogeneous catalyst for one-pot multi-components synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives via Hantzsch condensation under ultrasonic irradiation. Interestingly, nanocatalyst exhibited an excellent recyclability and reusability up to four times without any additional treatment. The present methodology through non-chromatographic methods offers several advantages such as simple procedure, excellent yields, short reaction time and purification of products.

Keywords:

• CuO nanoparticles
• TEM
• polyhydroquinoline derivatives
• Hantzsch condensation
• ultrasonication

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding department, Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) New Delhi (India) for their financial support by sanctioning the Major Research Project, award letter No. F. SB/EMEQ-366/2014 (SERB/F/3867/2014-15 dated 21.8.2014).

Disclosure statement

Authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Additional information

Funding

Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB) New Delhi (India) grant number [SERB/F/3867/2014-15 dated 21.8.2014].