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Abstract
The focus of the project is the new, low cost and simple nature mediated formation of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) using leaf extract of Anisomeles malabarica. The shape and size, structure, element composition, and functional groups of green synthetic Ag-NPs have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), respectively. BET analysis has been used to calculate the specific surface area of the particles, and GC- MS analysis has been used to confirm the presence of biologically active components in leaf extracts. Based on the observed results, the possible formation mechanism of AgNPs has been given. The obtained Ag-NPs have the physical property of spherical shape and nature of crystallinity, with an average size of about 63 nm. Ag- NPs have shown promising potential in the removal of organic pollutants Congo red (CR) dyes. Dye removal as a function of contact time has also been carefully studied. The experimental value of the dye degradation study was fitted with a first-order linear kinetic model to understand the reaction rate. The response surface methodology is used to study the effect of catalyst concentration, dye concentration, and irradiation time on the percentage of dye degradation and process optimization based on Box-Behnken Design Methodology (RSM). The result of the RSM model value R2 = 99.97 % gives a satisfactory correlation between the experimental and predicted value for dye removal. After 15 minutes of reaction time, maximum degradation of 99.97 % was achieved under optimal conditions (1 mM dye concentration, 1 mg photocatalyst concentration). Therefore, we were able to produce the photocatalyst using Anisomeles malabarica leaf extract that can degrade azo dyes.
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
